256 research outputs found
MECCANO: A Multimodal Egocentric Dataset for Humans Behavior Understanding in the Industrial-like Domain
Wearable cameras allow to acquire images and videos from the user's
perspective. These data can be processed to understand humans behavior. Despite
human behavior analysis has been thoroughly investigated in third person
vision, it is still understudied in egocentric settings and in particular in
industrial scenarios. To encourage research in this field, we present MECCANO,
a multimodal dataset of egocentric videos to study humans behavior
understanding in industrial-like settings. The multimodality is characterized
by the presence of gaze signals, depth maps and RGB videos acquired
simultaneously with a custom headset. The dataset has been explicitly labeled
for fundamental tasks in the context of human behavior understanding from a
first person view, such as recognizing and anticipating human-object
interactions. With the MECCANO dataset, we explored five different tasks
including 1) Action Recognition, 2) Active Objects Detection and Recognition,
3) Egocentric Human-Objects Interaction Detection, 4) Action Anticipation and
5) Next-Active Objects Detection. We propose a benchmark aimed to study human
behavior in the considered industrial-like scenario which demonstrates that the
investigated tasks and the considered scenario are challenging for
state-of-the-art algorithms. To support research in this field, we publicy
release the dataset at https://iplab.dmi.unict.it/MECCANO/.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2010.0565
StillFast: An End-to-End Approach for Short-Term Object Interaction Anticipation
Anticipation problem has been studied considering different aspects such as
predicting humans' locations, predicting hands and objects trajectories, and
forecasting actions and human-object interactions. In this paper, we studied
the short-term object interaction anticipation problem from the egocentric
point of view, proposing a new end-to-end architecture named StillFast. Our
approach simultaneously processes a still image and a video detecting and
localizing next-active objects, predicting the verb which describes the future
interaction and determining when the interaction will start. Experiments on the
large-scale egocentric dataset EGO4D show that our method outperformed
state-of-the-art approaches on the considered task. Our method is ranked first
in the public leaderboard of the EGO4D short term object interaction
anticipation challenge 2022. Please see the project web page for code and
additional details: https://iplab.dmi.unict.it/stillfast/
General methods for measuring and comparing medical interventions in childbirth: a framework
Abstract
Background: The continue increase of interventions during labour in low risk population is a controversial issue of
the current obstetric literature, given the lack of evidence demonstrating the benefits of unnecessary interventions
for women or infantsâ health. This makes it important to have approaches to assess the burden of all medical
interventions performed.
Methods: Exploiting the nature of childbirth intervention as a staged process, we proposed graphic representations
allowing to generate alternative formulas for the simplest measures of the intervention intensity namely, the overall
and type-specific treatment ratios. We applied the approach to quantify the change in interventions following a
protocol termed Comprehensive Management (CM), using data from Robson classification, collected in a
prospective longitudinal cohort study carried out at the Obstetric Unit of the CĂ Granda Niguarda Hospital in Milan,
Italy.
Results: Following CM a substantial reduction was observed in the Overall Treatment Ratio, as well as in the ratios for
augmentation (amniotomy and synthetic oxytocin use) and for caesarean section ratio, without any increase in
neonatal and maternal adverse outcomes. The key component of this reduction was the dramatic decline in the
proportion of women progressing to augmentation, which resulted not only the most practiced intervention, but also
the main door towards further treatments.
Conclusions: The proposed framework, once combined with Robson Classification, provides useful tools to make
medical interventions performed during childbirth quantitatively measurable and comparable. The framework allowed
to identifying the key components of interventions reduction following CM. In its turn, CM proved useful to reduce the
number of medical interventions carried out during childbirth, without worsening neonatal and maternal outcomes
Occurrence of Centrouropoda almerodai and Uroobovella marginata (Acari : Uropodina) phoretic on the Red Palm Weevil in Malta
The unwanted introduction of the Red Palm Weevil (RPW) coincides with the spread in Malta of two species of Uropodid mites associated with this weevil. Usually, adult RPW carry phoretic forms of C. almerodai which are attached to the underside of elytrae, and U. marginata that prefers exposed surfaces of sternum, pygidium, head and legs. These mites use adult RPW to abandon dead palms and to colonize newly infested host-plants. Their role as plant pests is however negligible. Even the plant pathogen conidia, Curvularia which are carried by the mites, seem unable to germinate in palms under laboratory conditions. Both Centrouropoda almerodai and Uroobovella marginata are established in the Maltese Islands.peer-reviewe
ENIGMA-51: Towards a Fine-Grained Understanding of Human-Object Interactions in Industrial Scenarios
ENIGMA-51 is a new egocentric dataset acquired in a real industrial domain by
19 subjects who followed instructions to complete the repair of electrical
boards using industrial tools (e.g., electric screwdriver) and electronic
instruments (e.g., oscilloscope). The 51 sequences are densely annotated with a
rich set of labels that enable the systematic study of human-object
interactions in the industrial domain. We provide benchmarks on four tasks
related to human-object interactions: 1) untrimmed action detection, 2)
egocentric human-object interaction detection, 3) short-term object interaction
anticipation and 4) natural language understanding of intents and entities.
Baseline results show that the ENIGMA-51 dataset poses a challenging benchmark
to study human-object interactions in industrial scenarios. We publicly release
the dataset at: https://iplab.dmi.unict.it/ENIGMA-51/
An Outlook into the Future of Egocentric Vision
What will the future be? We wonder! In this survey, we explore the gap
between current research in egocentric vision and the ever-anticipated future,
where wearable computing, with outward facing cameras and digital overlays, is
expected to be integrated in our every day lives. To understand this gap, the
article starts by envisaging the future through character-based stories,
showcasing through examples the limitations of current technology. We then
provide a mapping between this future and previously defined research tasks.
For each task, we survey its seminal works, current state-of-the-art
methodologies and available datasets, then reflect on shortcomings that limit
its applicability to future research. Note that this survey focuses on software
models for egocentric vision, independent of any specific hardware. The paper
concludes with recommendations for areas of immediate explorations so as to
unlock our path to the future always-on, personalised and life-enhancing
egocentric vision.Comment: We invite comments, suggestions and corrections here:
https://openreview.net/forum?id=V3974SUk1
Antibacterial, antioxidant and hypoglycaemic effects of Thymus capitatus (L.) Hoffmanns. et Link leaves' fractions.
The aim of this study was to examine the bioactivity of the methanol fraction (MF) and n-hexane fraction (HF) of Thymus capitatus leaves in relation to their constituents analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The effects of T. capitatus on the growth of pathogenic bacteria associated with respiratory diseases (13 gram-positive and 4 gram-negative) were determined using a microdilution method. The MF was particularly effective on Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), ferric-reducing antioxidant power and β-carotene bleaching assays. A strong activity using β-carotene bleaching test was observed with the MF (IC50 of 0.7âÎźg/mL after 30âmin of incubation). In the hypoglycaemic test, a selective Îą-amylase inhibitory activity was detected with the HF begging the most active (IC50 of 422.5âÎźg/mL). T. capitatus may represent a source of natural bioactive compounds
Efficacy and safety of niacin/laropiprant therapy in familial hypercholesterolemic patients with coronary artery disease
Background: Cardiovascular disease is the principal cause of premature mortality and morbidity in Europe. Patients with familial hypercholesterolemia are at particularly increased risk and, despite lipid-lowering therapy, continue to experience cardiovascular events. Currently, for these patients a new treatment option is represented by extended-release niacin/laropiprant (ERN/LRPN). Material and Methods: We followed-up for 16 weeks a group of 23 familial hypercholesterolemic patients (mean age 61?7 years, 74% male) with chronic coronary artery disease and ERN/LRPN added on top of maximally tolerated lipid-lowering therapy. ERN/LRPN was administered at the dose of 1 gr/day for the first 4 weeks and then at 2 gr/day for the remaining period. Clinical examination and blood sampling (including lipid profile, renal and hepatic function) were performed at baseline, after 4 weeks, at the end of follow-up, and in the case of eventual clinical manifestations. Results: During follow-up, 14 patients discontinued therapy due to side effects (headache, asthenia, and gastrointestinal disorders in 4 patients, muscle aches and CK increase in 3 patients, eruptive skin rash in 2 patients, onset of diabetes mellitus in 2 patients, dizziness associated with inability to drive in 1 patient, acute hepatitis in 1 patient and palpitations in 1 patient) and 2 patients voluntarily interrupted the therapy. In the remaining 7 patients, an improvement in lipid profile was observed (total cholesterol -14%, HDL cholesterol +7%, LDL cholesterol -16%, Triglycerides -53%, Apolipoprotein A1 +8%, Apolipoprotein B -21%, Apolipoprotein E -31%) in the absence of substantial changes in other laboratory analyses (with the exception of a non-significant increase in uric acid). Intolerable skin flushing was not observed in any patient. In addition, among patients who did report flushing, a reduction in the incidence of the episodes was observed after the first month of therapy
Isolated cardiophrenic angle node metastasis from ovarian primary. report of two cases
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynaecologic malignancy. It usually spreads out of the abdomen involving thoraco-abdominal organs and serosal surface. This disease is poorly curable and surgery, at early stage, is supposed to achieve the best survival outcome. In systemic dissemination, chemiotherapy is indicated, sometimes with neoadjuvant aim. The most common clinical expressions of advanced ovarian carcinoma are multiple adenopathy, neoplastic pleuritis, peritoneal seeding and distant metastasis, mainly hepatic and pulmonary. Isolated adenopathy of the mediastinum is rare and isolated bilateral have never been described before. We report two cases of isolated bilateral cardiophrenic angle lymphnode metastasis from ovarian carcinoma, without peritoneal and pleural involvement. Both patients were successfully resected through minimally invasive thoracic surgery. About the role of surgery, few data are available but survival seems to be longer after resection thus, more investigation is required to make the indication to surgery more appropriate in advanced cases
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